abirami gear external coling pump
Gear pumps are one of the most widely used positive displacement pumps in various industries. Their simple design, high reliability, and consistent flow output make them a preferred choice for pumping oils, chemicals, fuels, and viscous fluids. In this detailed guide, we will explore the types of gear pump, the working principle of gear pump, and the role of external gear pump in modern industries. This article is written for students, engineers, and companies looking to understand gear pumps before investing in the right model.
What Is a Gear Pump?
A gear pump is a type of positive displacement pump that uses gears to move fluids. It traps fluid inside the cavities between gear teeth and the housing, pushing it from the inlet to the outlet. Gear pumps are known for:
Stable and pulse-free flow
Ability to handle high-viscosity liquids
Low maintenance
High pressure handling
Because of these advantages, gear pumps are widely used in hydraulic systems, lubrication units, chemical plants, food processing, and fuel transfer applications.
Types of Gear Pump
There are mainly two types of gear pump used in industries:
1. External Gear Pump
This is the most common and widely used type. It contains two identical gears—the driver gear and the driven gear—placed side by side. When the driver gear rotates, it moves the driven gear in the opposite direction. The fluid flows around the gear teeth and is carried from the inlet to the outlet.
2. Internal Gear Pump
This pump has an internal gear and an external gear of different sizes. Internal gear pumps are suitable for thick, viscous fluids and ensure smooth, quiet operation. They are widely used in food, cosmetics, and chocolate manufacturing.
Other sub-types include:
Gerotor pumps
Crescent pumps
Lobe pumps
But the external gear pump remains the most used across heavy industries.
Gear Pump Working – Explained Clearly
Understanding gear pump working helps in proper selection and maintenance. The pump works by trapping fluid and pushing it forward mechanically.
Here is the simplified explanation:
The driver gear rotates using a motor.
The driven gear rotates in the opposite direction.
Fluid enters the inlet where the gear teeth separate.
Fluid gets trapped between the gear teeth and pump housing.
The rotation forces fluid around the outer edges.
Fluid moves toward the outlet where the gear teeth meet again.
As the gears mesh, the trapped fluid is pushed out at pressure.
This movement is continuous, producing a smooth and consistent flow.
Working Principle of Gear Pump (Simple & Technical)
The working principle of gear pump is based on positive displacement. The pump moves a fixed amount of liquid for every rotation of the gears.
Technical Principle:
The meshing of gears creates suction at the inlet.
Liquid fills the spaces as the gears unmesh.
The trapped liquid is carried around the gear casing.
When gears mesh again, pressure is created, forcing the liquid out.
Because flow depends on gear rotation, the output is steady and accurate—even at high pressures.
Gear Pump Diagram (Explained Without Image)
A gear pump diagram typically shows:
Two circular gears
Inlet at the unmeshing side
Outlet at the meshing side
Arrows showing fluid direction
The pump casing that holds pressure
Even without an actual image, understanding this diagram helps visualize how the pump transfers liquid.
Advantages of Gear Pumps
Suitable for high-viscosity fluids
Maintains constant flow rate
Simple and compact design
Ideal for hydraulic and lubrication systems
Low maintenance and long pump life
Applications of Gear Pumps
Gear pumps are used in:
Paper mills
Chemical plants
Hydraulic machines
Oil & fuel transfer
Paint & ink industries
Food processing and cosmetics
Because of their durability and precision, many industries prefer external gear pumps for continuous, high-pressure operations.
Conclusion
Gear pumps play a vital role in industrial fluid handling. Understanding the types of gear pump, the gear pump working principle, and the advantages of external gear pump can help you choose the right model for your application. At Abirami Pumps, we supply high-quality gear pumps designed for efficiency, reliability, and long-term performance.
